Apron: Fringe of long hair on chest.

Apple-headed: Rounded skull.

Backtracking: Not following a trail, but
scenting back towards the start.

Barrelled: A barrelled dog has a great
width of chest at the expense of depth.

Bat Ears: The rather large erect and open
airs as seen in the French Bulldog.

B.B.: Best of breed.

Bay: Sound of a hound.

Beard: The profuse whiskering of the
Griffon Bruxellois as distinct from the
whiskers of the terriers.

Bird dog: One for hunting game birds.

Bitch: Female dog.

Bitchy: Judge's word for a male dog with
feminine conformation.

Bite: The way in which a dog's upper and
lower teeth meet.

Bloom: The glossiness of the coat.

Bone: A dog giving the appearance of
strength and spring in its limbs.

Br.: Breeder, i.e. the owner of the dog's
dam at the time of birth.

Bracelet: Fringes left around ankle in clip.

Breeching: Long hair on thighs.

Breed: Group of dogs showing same con-formation and characteristics.

Breeder: Owner of dam at time of birth.

Brindle: Grey or tawny coat striped or spotted with darker colours.

Brisket: Front of chest between the fore-

legs.

Brood Bitch: One kept purely for the pur-pose
of breeding.

Brush: Thick bushy tail.

Butterfly nose: Mottled or partly black and partly pink.

Button ears: Close to the head and

folded forward.

Call name: Usual or nickname as opposed

to registered full name.

Canine teeth: Fang-like teeth.

Cast: Circling hound to pick up the scent.

Cat feet: Well arched, round and compact.

C.C.: Challenge Certificate. A Club award
for the best exhibit of its sex in breed.
Awarded at championship shows only.

Chops: The pendulous and thick upper
lip common in the Bulldog.

Close coupled: Short in couplings, as in
most terriers.

Close lying: A coat in which the hair lies
close to the body, as the Labrador
Retriever.

Cubby: Short in the back like a cob horse.

Conformation: Size, shape and appearance.

Couplings: That part of the body between
the shoulders and the hips.

Cow hocks: Hocks which turn inwards.

Crest: Arch of upper back of neck.

Crossbred: The result of a mating of two
dogs of different breeds.

Croup: The area adjacent to the sacrum
and immediately before the root of the
tail.

Dam: Female parent.

Dappled: Irregular patches of dark colours
on coat.

Dew claws: The extra claws and rudi-
mentary toes usually removed in early
puppy hood.

Dewlap: Loose fold of skin under the
throat.

Docking: Shortening the tail.

Dome: Rounded skull.

Down-faced: A downward curvature of the nose.

Drop ears: Ears which are pendant and
hang flat and close to the side of the
cheeks.

Dudley nose: One coloured.

Flank: Loin and upper thigh.

Elbow: The joint at the top of the fore-
arm.

Entry: The dog entered in a show.

Even bite: Upper and lower front teeth
which meet without overlapping.

Feathering: The long fringes of hair seen
on the backs of the legs of setters and
spaniels.

Felted: A closely matted coat.

Fiddle front: Bowed forelegs.

Field trial: Competition for hunting dogs.

Flag: A bushy or fringed tail

Flews: Same as chops.

Forearm: Foreleg between elbow and knee.

Forearm: Foreleg between elbow and knee.

Foreface: Front of head between eyes and
nose.

Forelock: The abundant tassel of hair
grown on the forehead and falling for-
ward over the eyes, as in the Sealyham
Terrier.

Grizzle: Greyish or mixed black and grey.

Ground colour: Background colour in parti- coloured coat

Handler: The person who takes the dog
into the ring at a show, or a field trial.

Loin: The part of the body between the
ribs and the hips.
Long coupled: A dog long in couplings, as
the Dachshund.

Lumber: Carrying too much flesh.

Maiden: A bitch that has not had puppies.

Mask: A dark coloured muzzle.

Merle: Blue-grey with fine black markings.

Milk teeth: A puppy's first set of teeth.
Usually replaced from four months on.

Mongrel: Dog of mixed parentage.

Muzzle: The part of the head combining
the mouth and the nose.

Obedience trial: A test of recognised
breeds of dog in which they are
examined on set obedience exercises.

Occiput: A protruding bone on top of the
skull.

Oestrum: A bitch gets her oestral periods about every six months.
The period of menstruation.

Otter tail: A dog whose tail is thick at the
root, and then tapers away, as in the
Labrador Retriever.

Overshot: Upper jaw and teeth protrude
beyond the lower.

Pad: Cushion-like soles of a dog's feet.

Party-colour: Distinct markings of the coat in two or more colours.

Pasterns: The part of the leg below the knee.

Pedigree: A list of the dog's ancestors for
four or more generations.

Pig jaws: Badly overshot jaws.

Plume: The long feathery hair of the tail,
as in Pekingese.

Hard mouth: A gun dog which damages
game with too hard a bite.

Hare-foot: A long narrow foot.

Harlequin: Coat of white background
with black patches.

Harsh: Stiff, wiry, hard texture coat.

Haunch: Hind quarter.

Heat: When a bitch is on heat it is meant
that she is menstruating.

Height: From the withers point of
shoulders to the ground.

Hock: Joint on the back legs which juts
out backwards.

Import: A dog imported into Australia
from its country of birth.

In-breeding: The mating of dogs that are
closely related.

In season: A bitch during the periods
(nor- mally twice a year) when she can be
mated.

In whelp: Pregnant.

Kennels: Home or breeding establishment
for dogs belonging to one person.

Knee: The joint on the front leg above
the pastern.

Knuckled over: Front legs bent forward at
the knees.

Leather: The skin of the external ear.

Leggy: Too high in the leg.

Line breeding: The mating of related
dogs.

Lippy: When the lips overhang more than
is correct.

Litter: All the puppies produced at one
birth.

Liver: Dark reddish-brown colour.

Sable: Brown colour with black shadings.